The Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded to Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann and Giorgio Parisi “for groundbreaking contributions to our understanding of complex physical systems.” The three scientists are from Japan, Germany and Italy.
Syukuro Manabe and Klaus Hasselmann were cited for their work in “the physical modelling of Earth’s climate, quantifying variability and reliably predicting global warming”.
The second half of the prize was awarded to Giorgio Parisi for “the discovery of the interplay of disorder and fluctuations in physical systems from atomic to planetary scales.”
The winners were announced Tuesday by the secretary-general of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Goran Hansson.
In 2020, the physics prize went to Roger Penrose, Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez for their discoveries that have improved the understanding of the universe, including work on black holes.